Credit-based Congestion Pricing: an Opportunity for Reductions in Greenhouse Gas Emissions?
نویسندگان
چکیده
INTRODUCTION U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions rose 16 percent between 1990 and 2004, while those from light-duty vehicles rose 23%. (EPA 2006) During the same period, GDP increased 51% (BEA 2005) and VMT rose 37% – more than doubling the nation’s population increase. (Davies et al. 2007 and EPA 2006) While GHGs are on the rise, public policy can result in substantial energy savings. U.S. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, in place since 1978, have had a significant effect on GHG emissions, offering the U.S. steeper reductions per unit of GDP than many other countries during the 1990s. (Geller et al. 2006)
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